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While such mutations can cause diseases that may erode a species' overall fitness, they may have also made primates more adaptable to rapid environmental changes and enabled them to achieve unique evolutionary adaptations, researchers said.Despite the many similarities found between human and chimp genomes, the researchers emphasized that important differences exist between the two species. "The researchers found six regions in the human genome that have strong signatures of selective sweeps over the past 250,000 years. Humans are 99.9% similar to the person sitting next to us. But for a clear understanding of how closely they are related, scientists compare their DNA, an essential molecule that's the instruction manual for building each species. Both species have the OPN1LW gene, which allows them both to see the color red.

When DNA insertions and deletions are taken into account, humans and chimps still share 96 percent of their sequence.





Become a Member More than 50 genes present in the human genome are missing or partially deleted from the chimp genome. In fact, the typical human protein has accumulated just one unique change since chimps and humans diverged from a common ancestor about 6 million years ago.To put this into perspective, the number of genetic differences between humans and chimps is approximately 60 times less than that seen between human and mouse and about 10 times less than between the mouse and rat.
"We still do not have in our hands the answer to a most fundamental question: What makes us human? In fact, many of these DNA changes led to differences between human and chimp appearance and behavior.Matching DNA?

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In a paper published in the Sept. 1 … In addition, there are another 5 million sites that differ because of an insertion or deletion in one of the lineages, along with a much smaller number of chromosomal rearrangements. But chimps don't get infected by the malaria parasite 

A gene's activity, or expression, can be turned up or down like the volume on a radio.


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